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How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe ADHD is just a condition that affects children, but it can also affect adults. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can help improve a person's life.
An assessment for ADHD may involve interviewing the patient and their family members. The specialist could review the school records of the past to determine if the symptoms started as an infant.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying organized from time-to-time however, for those who suffers from ADHD, these problems interfere with school, work and family life. The person must display significant symptoms in two of these areas and that they significantly affect the daily functioning of the person to be deemed to have ADHD. The symptoms must have also been present for a minimum of six months.
To establish a diagnosis doctors will speak with the patient regarding their symptoms and ask about family history and medical conditions. They may also use rating systems to assess symptoms in children or adults. These questionnaires are often based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These questionnaires ask about the symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity.
Adults might be asked to speak with their spouse or someone they know well. This isn't to doubt the honesty of the patient, but to gain insight into the person's behavior that cannot be gleaned from a questionnaire. It is also possible to inquire about their childhood behavior, and look at the old school records to determine whether the signs started before age 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will perform physical examinations and tests on the lab to rule out any other health issues, like thyroid problems or head injuries that may cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the patient's list of medications. Certain medications for depression high blood pressure, depression and other ailments may interact with stimulants, and the doctor will consider these when recommending treatments. It is crucial that adults speak to their primary healthcare providers in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, the symptoms must appear in at least two settings (such as at home, school and at work) and cause impairment to functioning. They also must have begun before age 12, and the impairment cannot be due to another disorder, like anxiety or depression.
A psychiatrist or a mental health professional will use a variety of tools during the assessment which include ADHD symptoms checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a detailed medical history. They may interview friends and family members to determine how the individual's symptoms have affected them. They will also ask if there are any other psychiatric conditions or physical conditions that exhibit similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are mild or severe. They will also look at the medical history of the patient and family history to ensure there isn't any underlying cause of their problems such as thyroid issues or head injuries, or medications.
In some cases, the evaluator might want to conduct cognitive testing or ask the person to take an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, such as learning disabilities. People with these problems often present very differently from those who don't have them. Boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms, while girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
A few people suffering from ADHD might be interested in participating in studies to test out new treatments. While this is a great method to aid in further research, it's important for participants to understand that the purpose behind these studies is to gain scientific knowledge and do not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. For more information about clinical trials, visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD, it's important to find a professional who is experienced in diagnosing the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider to see whether ADHD specialists are covered. You can also seek recommendations from family doctors or other health professionals. Also, word-of-mouth referrals are a good choice.
A doctor will talk to the patient -or their parents in the case of children, about their symptoms. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and ask for details from other people in the patient's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insight can provide more information than what can be gleaned from questionnaires.

A specialist will also need to examine any records that the individual may have, including old school reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually dependent on the past of an individual. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present since childhood (technically, before the age 12).
A physical exam is often performed. It is a way to identify any other medical conditions that may be responsible for the symptoms, for example, seizure disorders or thyroid problems. A neurological examination is often conducted by the expert to assess motor control and coordination. Psychological tests that measure the level of intelligence and ability can be utilized. A person may be required to complete simple computer tasks designed to test attention and memory. This could help an expert determine if someone is hyperactive or not. The specialist will determine the best treatment plan and then make an appropriate diagnosis. Treatment plans usually consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can teach adults as well as children healthy coping techniques and change unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is offered by a primary physician or a mental healthcare professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD get better by taking medication, though it's not the only way to treat the condition. Adults, teenagers and children are also able to benefit from psychotherapy, behavioral therapy or any combination of the two. These therapies aid them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and help them learn to manage the symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education on ADHD and how to manage it, could be incorporated. They can also involve family members, teachers and other professionals.
It's important to find a health care provider or mental health professional with experience treating ADHD. You can ask for recommendations from other people with ADHD or from a mental health professional you already know, or do an online search. It's best to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To determine if your child has ADHD, the health care professional will inquire about your your child's symptoms and issues caused by the condition. They will conduct a physical exam and check for other health problems that may cause similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of your child or you and also school records and other reports.
Diagnosing ADHD in adults can be more difficult because the symptoms Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily geared towards diagnosing children. Your doctor will talk to you or your child about their symptoms and may also request other people who spend long periods of time with them to fill out questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants, such as methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine, and nonstimulants like atomoxetine or certain antidepressants. They work by boosting levels of brain chemicals referred to as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people who suffer from ADHD suffer from comorbid disorders, such as anxiety or depression. This is why treatment should be based on therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy, which teaches skills like time and task management and emotional self-regulation.
Therapists can help patients to manage their symptoms by changing their lifestyle. Regular exercise can help decrease hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthy diet is crucial for people with ADHD tend to consume more sugar and fat, and eat fewer vegetables and fruits than other people. Making
adult diagnosis adhd and family relationships a priority can reduce stress and help people feel more in charge of their lives.
Another benefit of an ADHD diagnosis is that it can give adults and children a better understanding of their challenges. A child with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their needs to teachers or friends. Once a teacher understands that this is not an issue that is solely because of their inability to communicate, they can make adjustments.
A professional who evaluates ADHD will ask questions geared towards the person's specific age, speak with family and teachers, review medical records, and check for any comorbidities. For adults, records from schools could be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms began before age.
A physical exam is often included, and the expert will likely look for hearing and vision issues. He or she will also do a blood test to look for specific hormones and other health conditions that can cause ADHD-like symptoms.