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Premature ventricular contracts (PVCs), are a form of irregular heartbeats. These extra beats are usually not dangerous and can go away by themselves.

To diagnose PVC doctors listen to your heartbeat and look for other vital signs. They may order an Holter monitor which is a device that records your heart's electrical impulses over the course of 24 hours. They may also request blood tests to check your electrolyte levels and thyroid hormones.

Diagnosis

PVCs are caused by electrical impulses which misfire through the SA node, a structure in the lower chambers of the heart. This delays the next heartbeat, causing an experience of skipped beats or fluttering in the chest. PVCs can occur in a single pattern or in repeated patterns. Doublets are two consecutive PVCs. Ventricular tachycardia refers to three or more consecutive ones.

Some people have no symptoms, whereas others experience palpitations. This can feel like an unsteady heartbeat or a skipping heartbeat. Other signs are dizziness, fatigue or a feeling that you're unwell.

A lot of people who have occasional PVCs don't need any treatment. If a person experiences frequent episodes, doctors could recommend a change in lifestyle or diet, such as limiting caffeine, alcohol and stress. They may also prescribe medication like beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers, which can slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure.

Doctors will inquire about the patient's medical history and conduct a physical exam to assess their general health. They may also use a Holter monitor to record the heart's rhythms over longer periods of time or an electrocardiogram which captures a picture of the electrical activity of the heart. In certain instances doctors may require blood tests to determine if there is an electrolyte imbalance or drug toxicity.

A pvc doctor may refer the patient to an electrophysiologist or a specialist in heart rhythm disorders for further examination. This doctor can confirm the diagnosis of PVCs, and determine whether they are benign or malignant.

PVCs are quite frequent and usually don't cause any problems, except when they are frequent over a long time. This could lead to a weakening in the heart muscle or a condition known as pvc-induced cardiomyopathy. This is most common in older people or those with some form of heart disease. This can happen to healthy individuals with normal, normal hearts. However, it's more common in those who regularly exercise. It's not a serious concern, but it is important to consult a doctor if you notice symptoms like fainting or fatigue.

Treatment

For many, occasional PVCs might not cause symptoms or need no treatment. If you notice that your heart is racing or slurring the beat, it's best to seek out a physician immediately.

A cardiologist will begin by conducting an interview and then perform a a physical exam, monitoring your heart using an stethoscope to detect any irregular beats. You will also have an electrocardiogram (ECG) performed, which will record the electrical impulses in your heart and detect any arrhythmias. If an arrhythmia is identified it is recommended to have you will require a 24-hour Holter monitor or a portable ECG will be required to detect the abnormal rhythm over longer durations of time. These devices will assist doctors determine whether you have PVCs and the reason behind them, such as an electrolyte imbalance, drug toxicity, or other factors.

An echocardiogram, an ultrasound of your heart, may be ordered to assess whether your heart is in good health and to look for signs of structural problems that can lead to PVCs. You may also undergo a stress test to check how your heart reacts to physical activity can increase the frequency of your pvcs. You can also take blood tests to check your thyroid hormone, magnesium, potassium and other hormones to determine whether they're low. This could lead to PVCs.


After your doctor has determined that you're suffering from PVCs and has ruled out any serious diseases, the decision on whether to treat them will depend on how much they're impacting your life and how frequently they occur. If they only occur occasionally and don't cause any symptoms the doctor is not likely to prescribe any medication that can reduce their frequency or severity.

However, if you have frequent PVCs that trigger palpitations and other symptoms, such as feeling lightheaded or like you're going to faint, your physician might suggest medication like beta blockers or calcium channel blockers. Altering your lifestyle to avoid triggers, such as smoking, caffeine and excess stress, can also help lower the number of times you experience these abnormal pulses.

Prevention

PVCs can cause no symptoms or heart palpitations, which can be described as "skipped beats" or flutters in the chest. These episodes can cause feelings of pressure or fullness or they may cause you to feel faint. These episodes are caused by the heart not pumping as effectively as it should. PVCs are associated with a higher chance of developing dilated cardiomyopathy. This is a condition where the heart becomes enlarged and is unable to pump blood.

PVCs are usually caused by changes in the body's chemistry. This can be caused by the release of thyroid hormones and adrenaline and alcohol consumption or caffeine. Stress or excess weight and an insufficient amount of exercise can trigger these symptoms.

the window doctor find that changing their diet may help to reduce the number of PVCs. They can, for example avoid foods that contain preservatives that can cause a disturbance of the heart rhythm. These include disodium Guanylate, diazole, and disodium Inosinate Sodium (E282-283). Eat more fruits and vegetables to ensure that you get enough magnesium.

Regular health checks are crucial, including yearly physicals. They can aid in identifying any heart issues which could be causing your PVCs. You should also follow an appropriate diet and refrain from smoking, which can increase the frequency of your episodes.

A survey of 14 normal hospital wards found that healthcare staff were generally aware of preventive measures against vascular catheter-associated infection, but their self-assessed conformity to these practices was low. After a feedback intervention, compliance improved on some areas, but was still very low. This suggests that education on how to implement the preventive measures is necessary and that wards that are not complying should be targeted for infection surveillance. These data can be used to inform quality improvement initiatives in these wards. This will most likely require additional education and training of staff. It will also involve making sure that the correct materials are available for the implementing of the preventive measures.

Symptoms

The premature contraction of the ventricular muscle can cause your heartbeat to skip beats or flutter. These arrhythmias aren't necessarily dangerous or they can be the sign of heart problems.

In healthy people, PVCs that occur occasionally are not a problem. They typically disappear by themselves. If you've got a lot of them, they can cause dizziness or weakness. If you're worried, talk to your doctor about them. They may have to identify the problem by taking an medical history and conducting a physical exam. They may also want to conduct an electrocardiogram, or other tests.

An ECG is a quick test that will allow your doctor to observe the signal generated by your heartbeat as it travels through your heart in the course of a brief period of time. If you have PVCs, they'll be visible on the test. Your doctor may also suggest to conduct an overnight or 24-hour Holter monitor, which records your heartbeat for longer durations of time. This can help distinguish PVCs from other types of arrhythmias that cause heart palpitations. You can also wear an event monitor, a portable device which tracks your heart's rhythm over 30 days.

Other tests for your heart might be required, based on the reason for your PVCs. For example an cardiologist may test your blood pressure, and also perform an ultrasound of your heart (echocardiogram). This can help determine if you have a condition that may be responsible for your PVCs, such as mitral valve prolapse, cardiomyopathy or heart failure.

Your doctor might also need to conduct a blood test to see what the problem is with your electrolytes, like low potassium or high levels of calcium. This could indicate that you have PVCs or another problem such as anemia, or anxiety disorders.

You could be directed to an electrophysiologist, one of the specialists who specialize in treating abnormal heart rhythms. The doctor may be required to conduct additional tests if you have structural heart diseases, such as a CT or MRI scan of your chest. These tests can tell whether you've damaged your heart and how severe it is. In certain cases an expert may recommend pacemakers to treat the condition which is causing the PVCs.