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CIPS Commercial Negotiation Sample Questions (Q17-Q22):

NEW QUESTION # 17
Commercial negotiation ends at the award of a contract. Is this statement true?

  • A. Yes, because there are no rooms for negotiation after the contract is awarded
  • B. Yes, because the supplier will comply with legally binding obligations
  • C. No, because improvements can be achieved through post-award negotiation
  • D. No, because real commercial negotiation begins after the contract is awarded

Answer: C Explanation:
Explanation
Negotiation doesn't end after the contract is awarded. The needs for negotiation can arise in anypost-award stages. For example, at supplier development and relationship management stage, improvement in supplier capability, capacity, and product/service range can be negotiated. Negotiations with long-term strategic critical suppliers should be carriedout in a partnering style, with a win-win starting point assumed.
In some sectors such as transport, utilities and infrastructure, tenderers may 'bid low' or even make a loss to win major contracts with a view to negotiating lucrative changes, variationsand 'add-ons' over the life of the contract when the supplier is bedded in and the buyer is in the weaker position to push back or challenge. Even in less complex contract, it is very likely that there will be a need to negotiate with that supplier again after the awarding of the contract.
LO 1, AC 1.1
NEW QUESTION # 18
An automotive company purchases high quality steel to produce components. The steel is an important raw material and the contract value is enormous. They sources the steel from oversea and contact some potential suppliers. One of the potential suppliers invites the procurement team to their premise for a new business opportunity. Should the procurement team accept the invitation?

  • A. Yes, because this is an opportunity to assess the supplier's capacity
  • B. No, because the travel would incur unnecessary costs
  • C. No, because negotiating over telephone is enough to collect information on supplier's capability
  • D. Yes, because the visit would increase the buyer's bargaining power

Answer: A Explanation:
Explanation
In the scenario, the value of contract as well as the importance of purchased item justify the procurement's travel. Visiting a supplier at their HQ or operational facility may facilitate the procurement team in assessing, albeit briefly, the culture of the organisation, how busy they seem and how staff engage with each other. A visit is a good opportunity to assess supplier's capacity.
LO 2, AC 2.2
NEW QUESTION # 19
During a negotiation, the supplier requests for payment term shortened to 45days from 60 days. Seeing that this proposal lies within the concession plan, the procurement manager asks for 5% discount in return. Is that right thing to do?

  • A. No, procurement should insist the payment term remains 60 days
  • B. Yes, since procurement manager has his own cost savings target to achieve and he should make use of supplier's financial status
  • C. No, it is unethical to exploit the weakness of the other party
  • D. Yes, the procurement manager should keep that 5% for himself because that amount is a fair compensation for his effort

Answer: B Explanation:
Explanation
When preparing for a negotiation, negotiator should establish a list of tradeables and a concession plan. Good negotiators never give anything away that has not already been planned as part of the bargaining mix in the concession planning stage.
In the above scenario, the procurement manager has planned his own concession, so he can trade with supplier. The answer should be "Yes, since procurement manager has his own cost savings target to achieve and he should make use of supplier's financial status" Table Description automatically generated

LO 2, AC 2.3
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which of the following are most likely to be direct costs of a steel manufacturer? Select THREE that apply.

  • A. Seniormanagement salary
  • B. Cleaning services
  • C. Hourly production wages
  • D. Insurance for production lines
  • E. Coal
  • F. Scrap metal

Answer: C,E,F Explanation:
Direct costs are those costs of a product/service directly attributable/traceable to its production. Examples of direct costsincluding the following:
Materials and services bought-in: In steel manufacturer, raw materials are iron ores, scrap metal, coals, etc Labour or wages: money paid to staff for the work involved in producing the product.
Other expenses: other charges incurred that can be specifically attributed to a particular product, batch or service
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following are examples ofnon-verbal negotiation? Select THREE that apply.

  • A. Communicating with the other party by using gestures
  • B. Getting messages across with facial expressions
  • C. Explaining to the supplier about the scope of the project
  • D. Asking the supplier to repeat their proposal
  • E. Using the body language
  • F. / Speaking softly with long pauses

Answer: A,B,E Explanation:
Explanation
Nonverbal communication is important because it gives us valuable information about a situation including how a person might be feeling, how someone receives information and how to approach a person or group of people.
There are several types of nonverbal communications you should be aware of, including:
1. Body language
Body language is the way someone situates their body naturally depending on the situation, the environment and how they are feeling.
Example: Someone might cross their arms if they are feeling angry or nervous.
2. Movement
The way you move your arms and legs such as walking quickly or slowly, standing, sitting or fidgeting, can all convey different messages to onlookers.
Example: Sitting still and paying attention in a meeting conveys respect and attention.
3. Posture
The way you sit or stand can also communicate your comfort level, professionalism and general disposition towards a person orconversation.
Example: Someone might slouch their shoulders if they feel tired, frustrated or disappointed.
4. Gestures
While gestures vary widely across communities, they are generally used both intentionally and unintentionally to convey information toothers.
Example: Someone in the United States might display a "thumbs up" to communicate confirmation or that they feel positively about something.
5. Space
Creating or closing distance between yourself and the people around you can also convey messages about your comfort level, the importance of the conversation, your desire to support or connect with others and more.
Example: You might stand two to three feet away from a new contact to respect their boundaries.
6. Paralanguage:
Paralanguage includes the non-language elements of speech, such as your talking speed, pitch, intonation, volume and more.
Example: You might speak quickly if you are excited about something.
7. Facial expressions
One of the most common forms of nonverbal communication isfacial expressions. Using the eyebrows, mouth, eyes and facial muscles to convey can be very effective when communicating both emotion and information.
Example: Someone might raise their eyebrows and open their eyes widely if they feel surprised.
8. Eye contact
Strategically using eye content (or lack of eye contact) is an extremely effective way to communicate your attention and interest.
Example: Looking away from someone and at the ground or your phone may convey disinterest or disrespect.
9. Touch
Somepeople also use touch as a form of communication. Most commonly, it is used to communicate support or comfort. This form of communication should be used sparingly and only when you know the receiving party is okay with it. It should never be used to conveyanger, frustration or any other negative emotions.
Example: Placing your hand on a friend's shoulder may convey support or empathy.
NEW QUESTION # 22
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