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CompTIA CV0-003 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic Details

Cloud Architecture and Design - 13%

Compare and contrast the different types of cloud models. - Deployment models
  • Public
  • Private
  • Hybrid
  • Community
  • Cloud within a cloud
  • Multicloud
  • Multitenancy

    • Service models
  • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

  • Platform as a Service (PaaS)

  • Software as a Service (SaaS)

    • Advanced cloud services
  • Internet of Things (IoT)

  • Serverless

  • Machine learning/Artificial intelligence (AI)

    • Shared responsibility model
Explain the factors that contribute to capacity planning. - Requirements
  • Hardware

  • Software

  • Budgetary

  • Business need analysis

    • Standard templates
  • Per-user

  • Socket-based

  • Volume-based

  • Core-based

  • Subscription

    • Licensing
      - User density
      - System load
      - Trend analysis
  • Baselines

  • Patterns

  • Anomalies

    • Performance capacity planning
  • Explain the importance of high availability and scaling in cloud environments. - Hypervisors
  • Affinity

  • Anti-affinity

    • Oversubscription
  • Compute

  • Network

  • Storage

    • Regions and zones
      - Applications
      - Containers
      - Clusters
      - High availability of network functions
  • Switches

  • Routers

  • Load balancers

  • Firewalls

    • Avoid single points of failure
      - Scalability
  • Auto-scaling

  • Horizontal scaling

  • Vertical scaling

  • Cloud bursting

  • Given a scenario, analyze the solution design in support of the business requirements. - Requirement analysis
    • Software
    • Hardware
    • Integration
    • Budgetary
    • Compliance
    • Service-level agreement (SLA)
    • User and business needs
    • Security
    • Network requirements
      1. Sizing
      2. Subnetting
      3. Routing

      • Environments
    • Development

    • Quality assurance (QA)

    • Staging

    • Blue-green

    • Production

    • Disaster recovery (DR)

      • Testing techniques
    • Vulnerability testing

    • Penetration testing

    • Performance testing

    • Regression testing

    • Functional testing

    • Usability testing

    Security - 20%

    Given a scenario, configure identity and access management. - Identification and authorization
    • Privileged access management
    • Logical access management
    • Account life-cycle management
      1. Provision and deprovision accounts
    • Access controls
      1. Role-based
      2. Discretionary
      3. Non-discretionary
      4. Mandatory

      • Directory services
    • Lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP)

      • Federation
        - Certificate management
        - Multifactor authentication (MFA)
        - Single sign-on (SSO)
    • Security assertion markup language (SAML)

      • Public key infrastructure (PKI)
        - Secret management
        - Key management
    Given a scenario, secure a network in a cloud environment. - Network segmentation
  • Virtual LAN (VLAN)/Virtual extensible LAN (VXLAN)/Generic network virtualization encapsulation (GENEVE)

  • Micro-segmentation

  • Tiering

    • Protocols
  • Domain name service (DNS)
    1. DNS over HTTPS (DoH)/DNS over TLS (DoT)
    2. DNS security (DNSSEC)

  • Network time protocol (NTP)
    1. Network time security (NTS)

  • Encryption
    1. IPSec
    2. Transport layer security (TLS)
    3. Hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS)

  • Tunneling
    1. Secure Shell (SSH)
    2. Layer 2 tunneling protocol (L2TP)/Point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP)
    3. Generic routing encapsulation (GRE)

    • Network services
  • Firewalls
    1. Stateful
    2. Stateless

  • Web application firewall (WAF)

  • Application delivery controller (ADC)

  • Intrusion protection system (IPS)/Intrusion detection system (IDS)

  • Data loss prevention (DLP)

  • Network access control (NAC)

  • Packet brokers

    • Log and event monitoring
      - Network flows
      - Hardening and configuration changes
  • Disabling unnecessary ports and services

  • Disabling weak protocols and ciphers

  • Firmware upgrades

  • Control ingress and egress traffic
    1. Allow list (previously known as whitelisting) or blocklist (previously known as blacklisting)
    2. Proxy servers

  • Distributed denial of service (DDoS) protection

  • Given a scenario, apply the appropriate OS and application security controls. - Policies
    • Password complexity
    • Account lockout
    • Application approved list (previously known as whitelisting)
    • Software feature
    • User/group

      • User permissions
        - Antivirus/anti-malware/endpoint detection and response (EDR)
        - Host-based IDS (HIDS)/Host-based IPS (HIPS)
        - Hardened baselines
    • Single function

      • File integrity
        - Log and event monitoring
        - Configuration management
        - Builds
    • Stable

    • Long-term support (LTS)

    • Beta

    • Canary

      • Operating system (OS) upgrades
        - Encryption
    • Application programming interface (API) endpoint

    • Application

    • OS

    • Storage

    • Filesystem

      • Mandatory access control
        - Software firewall
    Given a scenario, apply data security and compliance controls in cloud environments. - Encryption
    - Integrity
  • Hashing algorithms

  • Digital signatures

  • File integrity monitoring (FIM)

    • Classification
      - Segmentation
      - Access control
      - Impact of laws and regulations
  • Legal hold

    • Records management
  • Versioning

  • Retention

  • Destruction

  • Write once read many

    • Data loss prevention (DLP)
      - Cloud access security broker (CASB)
  • Given a scenario, implement measures to meet security requirements. - Tools
  • Vulnerability scanners

  • Port scanners

    • Vulnerability assessment
  • Default and common credential scans

  • Credentialed scans

  • Network-based scans

  • Agent-based scans

  • Service availabilities

    • Security patches
  • Hot fixes

  • Scheduled updates

  • Virtual patches

  • Signature updates

  • Rollups

    • Risk register
      - Prioritization of patch application
      - Deactivate default accounts
      - Impacts of security tools on systems and services
      - Effects of cloud service models on security implementation
  • Explain the importance of incident response procedures. - Preparation
  • Documentation

  • Call trees

  • Training

  • Tabletops

  • Documented incident types/categories

  • Roles and responsibilities

    • Incident response procedures
  • Identification
    1. Scope

  • Investigation

  • Containment, eradication, and recovery
    1. Isolation
    2. Evidence acquisition
    3. Chain of custody
    4. Root cause analysis

  • Post-incident and lessons learned

  • Deployment - 23%

    Given a scenario, integrate components into a cloud solution. - Subscription services
    • File subscriptions
    • Communications
      1. Email
      2. Voice over IP (VoIP)
      3. Messaging
    • Collaboration
    • Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)
    • Directory and identity services
    • Cloud resources
      1. IaaS
      2. PaaS
      3. SaaS

      • Provisioning resources
    • Compute

    • Storage

    • Network

      • Application
    • Serverless

      • Deploying virtual machines (VMs) and custom images
        - Templates
    • OS templates

    • Solution templates

      • Identity management
        - Containers
    • Configure variables

    • Configure secrets

    • Persistent storage

      • Auto-scaling
        - Post-deployment validation
    Given a scenario, provision storage in cloud environments. - Types
  • Block
    1. Storage area network (SAN)
    - Zoning

  • File
    1. Network attached storage (NAS)

  • Object
    1. Tenants
    2. Buckets

    • Tiers
  • Flash

  • Hybrid

  • Spinning disks

  • Long-term

    • Input/output operations per second (IOPS) and read/write
      - Protocols
  • Network file system (NFS)

  • Common Internet file system (CIFS)

  • Internet small computer system interface (iSCSI)

  • Fibre Channel (FC)

  • Non-volatile memory express over fabrics (NVMe-oF)

    • Redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID)
  • 0

  • 1

  • 5

  • 6

  • 10

    • Storage system features
  • Compression

  • Deduplication

  • Thin provisioning

  • Thick provisioning

  • Replication

    • User quotas
      - Hyperconverged
      - Software-defined storage (SDS)
  • Given a scenario, deploy cloud networking solutions. - Services
  • Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)

  • NTP

  • DNS

  • Content delivery network (CDN)

  • IP address management (IPAM)

    • Virtual private networks (VPNs)
  • Site-to-site

  • Point-to-point

  • Point-to-site

  • IPSec

  • Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS)

    • Virtual routing
  • Dynamic and static routing

  • Virtual network interface controller (vNIC)

  • Subnetting

    • Network appliances
  • Load balancers

  • Firewalls

    • Virtual private cloud (VPC)
  • Hub and spoke

  • Peering

    • VLAN/VXLAN/GENEVE
      - Single root input/output virtualization (SR-IOV)
      - Software-defined network (SDN)
  • Given a scenario, configure the appropriate compute sizing for a deployment. - Virtualization
  • Hypervisors
    1. Type 1
    2. Type 2

  • Simultaneous multi-threading (SMT)

  • Dynamic allocations

  • Oversubscription

    • Central processing unit (CPU)/virtual CPU (vCPU)
      - Graphics processing unit (GPU)
  • Virtual
    1. Shared

  • Pass-through

    • Clock speed/Instructions per cycle (IPC)
      - Hyperconverged
      - Memory
  • Dynamic allocation

  • Ballooning

  • Given a scenario, perform cloud migrations. - Physical to virtual (P2V)
    - Virtual to virtual (V2V)
    - Cloud-to-cloud migrations
    • Vendor lock-in
    • PaaS or SaaS migrations
      1. Access control lists (ACLs)
      2. Firewalls

      • Storage migrations
    • Block

    • File

    • Object

      • Database migrations
    • Cross-service migrations

    • Relational

    • Non-relational

    Operations and Support - 22%

    Given a scenario, configure logging, monitoring, and alerting to maintain operational status. - Logging
    • Collectors
      1. Simple network management protocol (SNMP)
      2. Syslog
    • Analysis
    • Severity categorization
    • Audits
    • Types
      1. Access/authentication
      2. System
      3. Application
    • Automation
    • Trending

      • Monitoring
    • Baselines

    • Thresholds

    • Tagging

    • Log scrubbing

    • Performance monitoring
      1. Application
      2. Infrastructure components

    • Resource utilization

    • Availability
      1. SLA-defined uptime requirements

    • Verification of continuous monitoring activities

    • Service management tool integration

      • Alerting
    • Common messaging methods

    • Enable/disable alerts
      1. Maintenance mode

    • Appropriate responses

    • Policies for categorizing and communicating alerts

    Given a scenario, maintain efficient operation of a cloud environment. - Confirm completion of backups
    - Life-cycle management
    • Roadmaps
    • Old/current/new versions
    • Upgrading and migrating systems
    • Deprecations or end of life

      • Change management
        - Asset management
    • Configuration management database (CMDB)

      • Patching
    • Features or enhancements

    • Fixes for broken or critical infrastructure or applications

    • Scope of cloud elements to be patched
      1. Hypervisors
      2. VMs
      3. Virtual appliances
      4. Networking components
      5. Applications
      6. Storage components
      7. Firmware
      8. Software
      9. OS

    • Policies
      1. n-1

    • Rollbacks

      • Impacts of process improvements on systems
        - Upgrade methods
    • Rolling upgrades

    • Blue-green

    • Canary

    • Active-passive

    • Development/QA/production/DR

      • Dashboard and reporting
    • Tagging

    • Costs
      1. Chargebacks
      2. Showbacks

    • Elasticity usage

    • Connectivity

    • Latency

    • Capacity

    • Incidents

    • Health

    • Overall utilization

    • Availability

    Given a scenario, optimize cloud environments. - Right-sizing
    • Auto-scaling
    • Horizontal scaling
    • Vertical scaling
    • Cloud bursting

      • Compute
    • CPUs

    • GPUs

    • Memory

    • Containers

      • Storage
    • Tiers
      1. Adaptive optimization

    • IOPS

    • Capacity

    • Deduplication

    • Compression

      • Network
    • Bandwidth

    • Network interface controllers (NICs)

    • Latency

    • SDN

    • Edge computing
      1. CDN

      • Placement
    • Geographical

    • Cluster placement

    • Redundancy

    • Colocation

      • Device drivers and firmware
    • Generic

    • Vendor

    • Open source

    Given a scenario, apply proper automation and orchestration techniques. - Infrastructure as code
    • Infrastructure components and their integration

      • Continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD)
        - Version control
        - Configuration management
    • Playbook

      • Containers
        - Automation activities
    • Routine operations

    • Updates

    • Scaling

    • Shutdowns

    • Restarts

    • Create internal APIs

      • Secure scripting
    • No hardcoded passwords

    • Use of individual service accounts

    • Password vaults

    • Key-based authentication

      • Orchestration sequencing

    ## CompTIA Cloud+ Certification Exam Sample Questions (Q151-Q156): NEW QUESTION # 151
    An entertainment company with a very large movie library is moving all of its production systems to an IaaS cloud. The current lease is expiring in the next month, and the company made a last- minute decision not to renew the lease.
    Which of the following would be the MOST effective way to move all the data to the new cloud provider?
  • A. Perform an online VM migration.

  • B. Perform an offline storage migration.

  • C. Perform an offline VM migration.

  • D. Perform an online storage migration.

  • Answer: D
    NEW QUESTION # 152
    A marketing team is using a SaaS-based service to send emails to large groups of potential customers. The internally managed CRM system is configured to generate a list of target customers automatically on a weekly basis, and then use that list to send emails to each customer as part of a marketing campaign. Last week, the first email campaign sent emails successfully to 3,000 potential customers. This week, the email campaign attempted to send out 50,000 emails, but only 10,000 were sent.
    Which of the following is the MOST likely reason for not sending all the emails?

    • A. Misconfigured auto-scaling
    • B. Incorrect billing account
    • C. Bandwidth limitation
    • D. API request limit

    Answer: D Explanation:
    Reference:
    https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/config/mgmt/v3/limits-quotas
    NEW QUESTION # 153
    A cloud administrator is adding several accounts for new development team interns. These interns will need access to some, but not all, of the resources and will only be working over the summer. Which of the following user provisioning techniques should be used?

    • A. Create a role labeled "interns" with the appropriate permissions. Create a separate account with an expiration date for each intern and add each intern to that role.
    • B. Create one template user account with the appropriate permissions and use it to clone the other accounts. Set an expiration date for each account individually.
    • C. Create individual accounts for each intern, set the permissions and expiration date for each account, and link them to a temporary guests user group.
    • D. Create a single account for the interns to share. Set the expiration date for the account to six months.

    Answer: B
    NEW QUESTION # 154
    A company has decided to scale its e-commerce application from its corporate datacenter to a commercial cloud provider to meet an anticipated increase in demand during an upcoming holiday.
    The majority of the application load takes place on the application server under normal conditions. For this reason, the company decides to deploy additional application servers into a commercial cloud provider using the on-premises orchestration engine that installs and configures common software and network configurations.
    The remote computing environment is connected to the on-premises datacenter via a site-to-site IPSec tunnel. The external DNS provider has been configured to use weighted round-robin routing to load balance connections from the Internet.
    During testing, the company discovers that only 20% of connections completed successfully.
    INSTRUCTIONS
    Review the network architecture and supporting documents and fulfill these requirements:
    Part 1:
    Part 2:
    If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
    Part 1:
    Cloud Hybrid Network Diagram








    Part 2:
    Only select a maximum of TWO options from the multiple choice question
    Answer: ** Explanation:
    Change the Address Space on Router2
    Update the PSK (Pre-shared key in Router2)
    NEW QUESTION # 155**
    A systems administrator notices several VMs are constantly ballooning, while the memory usage of several other VMs is significantly lower than their resource allocation. Which of the following will MOST likely solve the issue?

    • A. Storage tiers
    • B. Cluster placement
    • C. Right-sizing
    • D. Bandwidth increase

    Answer: C
    NEW QUESTION # 156
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