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EC-COUNCIL EC-Council Certified Network Defender CND Sample Questions (Q31-Q36):

NEW QUESTION # 31
Which of the following examines network traffic to identify threats that generate unusual traffic flows, such as distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, certain forms of malware, and policy violations?

  • A. Network Behavior Analysis
  • B. Wireless Intrusion Prevention System
  • C. Host-based Intrusion Prevention
  • D. Network-based Intrusion Prevention

Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which of the following standards is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11 and specifies security
mechanisms for wireless networks?

  • A. 802.11e
  • B. 802.11i
  • C. 802.11a
  • D. 802.11b

Answer: B Explanation:
Explanation
Explanation:
802.11i is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11. This standard specifies security mechanisms for
wireless networks. It replaced the short Authentication and privacy clause of the original standard with a
detailed Security clause. In the process, it deprecated the broken WEP. 802.11i supersedes the previous
security specification, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), which was shown to have severe security weaknesses.
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) had previously been introduced by the Wi-Fi Alliance as an intermediate
solution to WEP insecurities. The Wi-Fi Alliance refers to their approved, interoperable implementation of the
full 802.11i as WPA2, also called RSN (Robust Security Network). 802.11i makes use of the Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES) block cipher, whereas WEP and WPA use the RC4 stream cipher.
Answer option D is incorrect. 802.11a is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that added a higher
data rate of up to 54 Mbit/s using the 5 GHz band. It has seen widespread worldwide implementation,
particularly within the corporate workspace. Using the 5 GHz band gives 802.11a a significant advantage, since
the 2.4 GHz band is heavily used to the point of being crowded. Degradation caused by such conflicts can
cause frequent dropped connections and degradation of service.
Answer option A is incorrect. 802.11b is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended
throughput up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band. This specification under the marketing name of Wi-Fi
has been implemented all over the world. 802.11b is used in a point-to-multipoint configuration, wherein an
access point communicates via an omni-directional antenna with one or more nomadic or mobile clients that
are located in a coverage area around the access point.
Answer option B is incorrect. The 802.11e standard is a proposed enhancement to the 802.11a and 802.11b
wireless LAN (WLAN) specifications. It offers quality of service (QoS) features, including the prioritization of
data, voice, and video transmissions. 802.11e enhances the 802.11 Media Access Control layer (MAC layer)
with a coordinated time division multiple access (TDMA) construct, and adds error-correcting mechanisms for
delay-sensitive applications such as voice and video.
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which of the following refers to the exploitation of a valid computer session to gain unauthorized access to information or services in a computer system?

  • A. Session hijacking
  • B. Phishing
  • C. Smurf
  • D. Spoofing

Answer: A Explanation:
Session hijacking refers to the exploitation of a valid computer session to gain unauthorized access to information or services in a computer system. In particular, it is used to refer to the theft of a magic cookie used to authenticate a user to a remote server. It has particular relevance to Web developers, as the HTTP cookies used to maintain a session on many Web sites can be easily stolen by an attacker using an intermediary computer or with access to the saved cookies on the victim's computer (see HTTP cookie theft).
TCP session hijacking is when a hacker takes over a TCP session between two machines. Since most authentication only occurs at the start of a TCP session, this allows the hacker to gain access to a machine.
Answer option A is incorrect. Spoofing is a technique that makes a transmission appear to have come from an authentic source by forging the IP address, email address, caller ID, etc. In IP spoofing, a hacker modifies packet headers by using someone else's IP address to hide his identity. However, spoofing cannot be used while surfing the Internet, chatting on-line, etc. because forging the source IP address causes the responses to be misdirected.
Answer option B is incorrect. Smurf is an attack that generates significant computer network traffic on a victim network. This is a type of denial-of-service attack that floods a target system via spoofed broadcast ping messages. In such attacks, a perpetrator sends a large amount of ICMP echo request (ping) traffic to IP broadcast addresses, all of which have a spoofed source IP address of the intended victim. If the routing device delivering traffic to those broadcast addresses delivers the IP broadcast to all hosts, most hosts on that IP network will take the ICMP echo request and reply to it with an echo reply, which multiplies the traffic by the number of hosts responding.
Answer option D is incorrect. Phishing is a type of scam that entices a user to disclose personal information such as social security number, bank account details, or credit card number. An example of phishing attack is a fraudulent e-mail that appears to come from a user's bank asking to change his online banking password.
When the user clicks the link available on the e-mail, it directs him to a phishing site which replicates the original bank site. The phishing site lures the user to provide his personal information.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Which of the following statements are TRUE about Demilitarized zone (DMZ)?
Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

  • A. Hosts in the DMZ have full connectivity to specific hosts in the internal network.
  • B. Demilitarized zone is a physical or logical sub-network that contains and exposes external services of an organization to a larger un-trusted network.
  • C. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to the Local Area Network of an organization.
  • D. In a DMZ configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network like the Internet.

Answer: B,C,D Explanation:
A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a physical or logical subnetwork that contains and exposes external services of an organization to a larger network, usually the Internet. The purpose of a DMZ is to add an additional layer of security to an organization's Local Area Network (LAN); an external attacker only has access to equipment in the DMZ, rather than the whole of the network. Hosts in the DMZ have limited connectivity to specific hosts in the internal network, though communication with other hosts in the DMZ and to the external network is allowed.
This allows hosts in the DMZ to provide services to both the internal and external networks, while an intervening firewall controls the traffic between the DMZ servers and the internal network clients. In a DMZ configuration, most computers on the LAN run behind a firewall connected to a public network such as the Internet.
NEW QUESTION # 35
What is the location of honeypot on a network?

  • A. Honeyfarm
  • B. Hub
  • C. DMZ
  • D. Honeynet

Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 36
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